The Art of Teaching #2: Hattie

John Hattie is a prominent education researcher known for his work on visible learning, which is a comprehensive analysis of factors that contribute to student achievement. Since I was a student studying for my PGCE (Post graduate certificate of education), Hattie's research has been the cornerstone of my teaching practice. He presents not simply what works (not some new fad or trend) but what works best of all, by synthesising a vast number of meta-analyses of educational research. His effect sizes, in particular, clearly show where educators should be dedicating most effort (see the diagram at the bottom of this blog).

Here are some key ideas associated with Hattie's work:

1. Visible Learning: Hattie's most notable concept is "visible learning," which refers to the idea that the impact of teaching and learning should be directly observable. He emphasizes the importance of making learning outcomes transparent and measurable.

2. Effect Size: Hattie introduced the concept of effect size as a way to quantify the impact of different factors on student achievement. Effect size represents the magnitude of an intervention or teaching method's influence on learning. Hattie's research suggests that interventions with higher effect sizes have a more significant impact on student outcomes.

3. Meta-analysis: Hattie is known for conducting extensive meta-analyses, synthesizing the findings of numerous studies to identify commonalities and patterns in educational research. His meta-analytic approach allows him to provide a comprehensive overview of the factors that influence student learning.

4. Visible Learning Strategies: Hattie has identified various teaching and learning strategies that have high effect sizes. These include providing feedback, formative assessment, teacher-student relationships, and classroom discussions. Hattie argues that teachers should focus on implementing strategies that have a substantial impact on student learning.

5. Student Feedback and Assessment: Hattie emphasizes the importance of timely and constructive feedback for students. He believes that feedback should be specific, focused on the task rather than the individual, and used to guide future learning. Additionally, he highlights the significance of formative assessment in the learning process.

6. Teacher Professional Development: Hattie underscores the need for continuous teacher professional development. He argues that teachers should engage in reflective practices, constantly seeking to improve their teaching methods based on evidence and research.

7. Classroom Environment: Hattie emphasizes the role of the classroom environment in student learning. Positive teacher-student relationships, a supportive atmosphere, and a culture of high expectations contribute to a more effective learning environment.

Here at English with Mr. Jack, Hattie's influence can be seen throughout our tutoring options, courses and resources:

1. Feedback and Assessment:

• Implementing regular timely and constructive feedback via online assignments and assessments in our online courses, and in our one-on-one tuition. We believe continuous feedback is essential for effective language acquisition.

• Providing detailed feedback on language proficiency, pronunciation, and written communication.

• Incorporating formative assessments in online lessons to gauge student understanding and adjust teaching accordingly.

• We provide a dedicated feedback service for those students who are learning more independently and just want to touch base with a professional - this can be done through email or video call.

2. Visible Learning Strategies:

• Making learning objectives explicit and transparent in online course materials, as well as clearly setting goals at the beginning of one-on-one sessions. It should be absolutely clear what a student is learning at a given time, and why. Students are always shown what success looks like.

• Ensuring that students are aware of their achievements/strengths and areas for improvement before, during and after courses or sessions.

• Encouraging students to set personal learning goals and track their own progress.

3. Teacher-Student Interaction:

• Fostering positive teacher-student relationships. We are focussed absolutely on student satisfaction.

• Establishing a supportive online classroom community where students feel comfortable expressing themselves in English. This is so important for language learning - the more comfortable you are, the more confident you will be trying out what you have learned, and daring to make mistakes.